The influence of the growing conditions of Siberian cedar pine (Pinus sibirica) on the processes of photosynthesis and transpiration was investigated. A direct relationship was revealed between a decrease in light intensity and a decrease in the rate of photosynthesis, and an inverse relationship between a decrease in light intensity and the rate of transpiration in samples growing in phytotron. A parabolic relationship between the intensity of light and the rate of photosynthesis and transpiration was revealed in samples growing in natural conditions. When studying the effect of the CO₂ content in the air on the photosynthesis rate, a direct relationship is observed in all samples: with a decrease in the CO₂ content in the air, a decrease in the photosynthesis rate is observed, with an increase in the CO₂ content, an increase in the photosynthesis rate is observed. The study of the change in the transpiration rate from the CO₂ content did not reveal a clear dependence.

Information about the collection of coniferous species in the arboretum of Siberian State University is given. The creation of the arboretum began in 1948 under the guidance of Professor V. E. Schmidt. At present, the collection is represented by species of the Far Eastern (Pinus koraiensis Siebold et Zucc., Pinus pumila (Pall.) Regel., Larix sibirica Ledeb.), European (Picea abies (L.) Karst., Juniperus communis L.), Siberian (Abies sibirica Ledeb., Larix sibirica Ledeb., Picea obovate Ledeb, Pinus sibirica Du Tour), North American flora (Picea engelmannii Engelm, Thuja occidentalis L., Juniperus sabina L.), Japan (Larix leptolepis Gord.). Pinus sibirica, Pinus koraiensis, Picea obovata, Abies sibirica reached the highest altitude (15–23 m). Most of the plants are in good condition. Seeding of varying intensity has been observed in all species. From the seeds collected in the arboretum, planting material (seedlings of their own reproduction) is grown to obtain second-generation offspring.

The taxation indicators of clones of the Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karsten) plus trees were studied in the clone archive No. 3 on the territory of the Semenovsky district forestry of the Nizhny Novgorod region. It was created in 1984 by grafted seedlings at the age of 2 years. The source of the graft was plus trees growing in natural plantings of the same region in the types of forest growing conditions B₂ and B₃. Their age at the time of selection ranged from  60 years to 140 years, and the taxation indicators were: height – from 24 m to 70 m; diameter – from 24 cm to 35 cm. The seating arrangement was 3×3 m, the clone mixing scheme was ordinary with the initial repeatability of each orthet by 3...12 ramets. The initial area was 0.4 hectares, the type of forest conditions on it corresponded to category B₂. The terrain of the site is flat with gray forest soils. It has geographical coordinates N56°44'18.97" E44°20'49.29", is assigned to the area of coniferous-deciduous (mixed) forests of the European part of the Russian Federation and is included in the zone of coniferous-deciduous forests. The forest growing conditions of the region are quite favorable for the growth and seed-bearing of Norway spruce. The collection of primary forestry information was carried out by a stationary field method with a continuous enumeration of trees over the entire area of the clone archive in compliance with the principle of the only logical difference, typicality, suitability, reliability and expediency of the experiment. The heterogeneity of the vegetative offspring of the plus trees of the Norway spruce was noted in terms of taxation indicators, which manifested itself both at the level of differences between groups of the same name clones, and within each of them. The plus trees of the Norway spruce, represented by their vegetative offspring as part of the examined clone archive, differed significantly among themselves in terms of the main taxation indicators. In terms of trunk height, the highest average (19.83±1.14 m), in the frame of the K-102 orthet, exceeded the lowest similar indicator (10.50±1.85 m) in clones with the K-100 index, by 1.88 times or by 9.33 m. The average generalized for the entire data set reached 14.71±0.34 m with the ratio between absolute limits (max = 23 m; min = 3.50 m) both 6.57 and an absolute range equal to 19.50 m. The variability of the trait, at the same time, corresponded to an increased level on the Mamaev scale (Cv = 28.41 %).

The study of nature management issues has been and remains one of the main tasks of modern geography. In the Yenisei Siberia, stretching from north to south for 30°, various landscapes are formed from tundra, forest-tundra to forest-steppes, steppes and mountain forests. The article characterizes the factors of formation and functioning of nature management in Siberia. The issues of interaction between nature and society, the impact on it of human activity, which is associated with the exploitation of the natural resource potential of the territory of the region, its protection and the reproduction of natural resources are considered. Nature management is studied in a broad and narrow sense, it points the factors of economic development during the transition to the market economy, analyzes demographic issues, population structure, historical and environmental factors, as well as industrial and agricultural production. The authors consider regional nature management, that is, a specific process of interaction between the economy and the population of a given region with the natural factors of the habitat. Regional nature management as a system is formed and functions under the influence of internal and external factors. The external ones include the geopolitical position of the region under study, the presence of external borders, historical and economic ties with certain states, and territories that do not have common borders with the region, as well as the place of the region in the intrastate division of labor. The internal factors of the formation and functioning of the regional system include natural, socioeconomic, historical, national and ethnic factors that differentiate individual territories of the region. The above analysis of nature management made it possible to identify the features of the fact that the basis for the development of the modern economy is the processes of interaction between nature and society, which are carried out in the process of regional nature management and are characterized by the following features: natural-historical unity and/or integrity; individuality; implication of influence.

Coniferous-deciduous forests in the southern part of the Far East are a unique collection of tree species left to us from the tertiary period. Many families, genera and species grow here. A prominent representative of the Olive family (Oleaceae Hoffmgg.et Link) is a genus of ash (Fraxinus L). The genus is represented by Manchurian ash (F. mandshurica Rupr.). In natural conditions, it forms ilmovo-ash, and sometimes ash uremes. Manchurian ash grows as part of coniferous-deciduous forests, occurs both in single specimens and in small groups. It does not form one type of plantings. In some allotments, its share can reach 40 % of the total stock of planting. The maximum age of individual trees reaches 200 years or more, height is 25–30 m, diameter is up to 1.0 m. The trunks are straight, full-timbered, the crown is openwork, the bark is smooth. It requires fertile soils. On well-drained soils, it shows a high growth rate, especially at a young age.

As a consequence, quantitative ripeness in the planting occurs at the age of 40, technical one occurs at 80 years.  It has a high winter hardiness, which provides it with advantages over other species in afforestation in northern areas. It is ornamental and tolerant of crown pruning in urban plantings. The regulatory framework compiled for this species includes growth progress tables, volumetric, assortment and commodity tables. Growth progress tables are compiled for three types of forests and characterize the dynamics of taxation indicators between 10 and 100 years. In this article, based on the materials of the state forest inventory, a growth progress table for Manchurian ash was constructed. The experimental material included 121 model Manchurian ash trees. The average values of heights, diameters and reserves are equalized using a parabola of the 2nd order. The dynamics of the average values of taxation indicators is calculated in the growth progress table: height, diameter and available stock.

The output of large plus medium-sized business timber has been determined. According to these data, the age of quantitative and technical ripeness of the forest has been established. The listed indicators reflect the dynamics of the average data for this forest-forming species. The accuracy of determining the stock is not less than 5%. Taking into account the high production characteristics of Manchurian ash, the developed standard can be considered an addition to the existing regulatory framework, which is important for the intensification of forestry production in the region. The developed tables can be used to assess and forecast wood stocks in plantings with the participation of Manchurian ash.

The assessment was given regarding the vital state of the pine forests in the Zatyumensky Ecopark based on indicators of the sanitary and vital status, relative height and a comprehensive assessment indicator. According to majority of indicators, the vital state of pine forests in the zone of active visits is assessed as severely weakened, in the zone of moderate and weak visits – as weakened. Common pattern of an increase in the number of severely weakened and dying trees and a decrease in the number of healthy trees with an increase in recreational impact has been observed. In particular, there is a decrease of healthy trees by 7–9 times in the zone of active visits with an increase of weakened and dying trees by 2.5–5 times compared to the zones of moderate and weak visits. The analysis of tree trunk damage types showed that the most common types are tree scorch marks, resin flow and mechanical damage. Common pattern of an increase in the number of tree damages with an increase in recreational impact has been observed. It was found that the in the zones of active visits the number of trees scorch marks on tree trunks, wood-destroying fungi and with mechanical damage is 1.5–5 times more compared to the zones of moderate and weak visits. In order to prevent degradation of pine plantations of the Zatyumensky Ecopark and increase their sustainability, a number of forestry measures are proposed, in particular, temporary fencing of forest areas in critical condition for the period of their restoration; landscape felling to rejuvenate stands and create recreationally attractive sustainable landscapes of semiopen type, etc. 

Due to climate change and the potential possibility of its stabilization with the help of managed forests and assessment of their carbon depositing capacity, the possibility of operational assessment of biomass and organic carbon of forest cover becomes particularly relevant. In recent years, remote sensing technologies of forests based on unmanned aerial vehicles (drones) have made it possible to obtain the values of the parameters of tree crowns from as close distance as possible. That provides not only high accuracy and speed of measurements, but also the ability to distinguish trees by species composition. In this study, an attempt is made to develop allometric models designed to estimate the biomass of trees of forest-forming genera in Russia by crown diameter. To achieve the research goal, an author's database of 15200 definitions of tree biomass was used. A number of 1665 model trees of five coniferous and 780 model trees of six deciduous species were selected from it. Since the actual values of the biomass of trees are presented in the database by several vicarious species within the genus, the analysis of the dependence of the biomass of a tree on its crown diameter is performed at the level of genera and subgenera. A package of allometric models of the biomass of trees of full component composition for each genera and subgenera is calculated, all regression coefficients of which are significant at the level of p < 0,001. The proposed allometric models can be used to estimate the biomass and organic carbon of trees and stands of forest-forming genera in Russia based on digital photogrammetry of visual data obtained using drones.

The issue of growing Pinus sibirica Du Tour seedlings with a closed root system on experimental mixtures based on peat has been studied. The main component of the substrate was peat of local origin, mined in the Kozulsky district of the Krasnoyarsk Krai. Peat was mixed with sawdust, vermiculite, and perlite in different proportions. In a number of experimental mixtures, coconut substrate was used as the main component instead of peat. Peat produced by VELTORF LLC was used as a control substrate according to recipe No. 19c/1. 

Conducted studies of the growth of Pinus sibirica Du Tour seedlings grown with a closed root system in cassettes with different compositions of substrates allowed us to draw a number of conclusions: when using clean peat, it is advisable to use fertilizers; Coconut substrate can serve as a complete replacement for peat substrates, if mixed with vermiculite in a 50/50% ratio; It makes sense to pay attention to peats of local origin to reduce costs. 

The current situation in the field of sustainable forest management in Russia is characterized by the problem of restoration, conservation and protection of forests. Despite the significant amount of work to preserve the undergrowth in the process of felling the main use, carrying out activities to promote reforestation, there is a steady trend of lagging behind the rate of restoration of forest plantations against the background of a significant increase in the areas of felling and burnt areas. Modern technologies of forest crops can become an effective driver of growth in the productivity of Russian forests. The implementation of such technologies requires prompt and high-quality soil preparation in the interests of subsequent reforestation. The study is aimed at solving the problem of reforestation in the conditions of clearings. The analysis of the design of disc rippers designed for soil preparation in the process of reforestation was carried out. The factors that have a significant impact on the efficiency of the plow-rippers with a disk working body are analyzed. In the course of the work, regularities were determined that affect the kinematic relationships during the processing of forest soils with disc rippers. The fundamental nature of the formation movement on the surface of the working body of the disk ripper was established. Based on the analysis of the process of furrow formation during soil cultivation with a disk cultivator, recommendations are given on the choice of linear and angular parameters of the working body. Based on the analysis, the requirements for disc cultivator plows are formulated, which will be able to effectively carry out basic soil preparation in clearing conditions, in a variety of soil and climatic conditions in Russia. Research materials, recommended linear and angular parameters of the working bodies can be used in the design and improvement of forest rippers with disk working bodies. 

The pulp and paper industry is one of the basic branches of the economy, it plays an important role in improving the scientific and technical level of almost all sectors of the economy. The main source of raw materials for this industry is coniferous wood.The huge base of natural resources attracts investments in this industry, stimulates the growth of production. In Russia, an extensive model of forest management is mainly used, i.e. natural forest is being cut down. The difficulty of restoring forest resources in a natural way is that this process takes a lot of time and there are various factors on which the speed of restoration of forest ecosystems depends.

The paper considers a method for obtaining fine-dispersed cellulose from an alternative source of raw materials to wood and factors influencing the development of a fibrous suspension in a disc mill. The value of the degree of polymerization of cellulose that has previously passed the grinding stage, with different degrees of grinding on the Shopper– Rigler scale, is analyzed.