The increase in tree height over the past year shows the conditions for its growth. This indicator is called the current growth of the tree in height. Currently, to assess this indicator, tall trees have to be cut down. In order to increase the productivity by assessing this indicator, a method was developed for assessing the height of Scotch pine and Siberian spruce trees using materials from terrestrial digital photography. According to the proposed method, the current growth in tree height is photographed in the field using a telescopic lens. At the same time, the distance to it is measured using a laser range finder,. Then the measuring ruler is photographed at the same distance as before the current gain. In cameral conditions, the obtained images are compared on a computer and the current increase in height is measured. To determine the accuracy of measurements using the proposed method, the current growth in height was measured in 30 growing trees of Scots pine and Siberian spruce. The measurement was carried out using a measuring ruler fixed on a six-meter pole. The average size of growth in height was 64.6 cm for Scotch pine, and 50.7 cm for Siberian spruce. The analysis of the obtained results showed that the use of the proposed method made it possible to estimate the current height increments in Scots pine with a standard deviation of 4.03 cm, in Siberian spruce 3.58 cm. These data testify to the sufficient accuracy of assessing this taxation indicator using the proposed method. In addition, the developed method makes it possible to reduce the cost of assessing this taxation indicator.

The rationalization and intensification of agricultural production requires an assessment of the relationship between natural geographical factors and the productivity of landscapes. The analysis of economic factors and prerequisites for the modern agricultural development of the Krasnoyarsk Territory within the boreal zone of the Yenisei Siberia is given, the main directions for optimizing agricultural production in the new socio-economic conditions are determined. In addition, indicators are considered that characterize the dynamics and level of development of the agricultural sector – gross agricultural output in various sectors and per capita (meat, milk, grain yields, etc.). The population size, density, yield potential of agricultural crops, availability of arable land and other indicators in various landscape zones of the Yenisei Siberia are analyzed, taking into account the natural and economic conditions of the territory. It is concluded that the most populated areas are: Boguchansky, Emelyanovsky and Kuraginsky. At the same time, only the Yemelyanovsky district is characterized by high agro-potential and very high grain yields. On the other hand, there is a low availability of arable land (2 ha/person), which is associated with the allocation of significant areas for non-agricultural needs (urbanized territories, transport routes, etc.). Boguchansky and Kuraginsky districts are located within territories with low and very low values of agro-potential, availability of arable land and crop yields. An economic assessment of the land based on the selected agro-natural areas will help determine to what extent it is possible to promote the cultivation of grain crops to the north (in the region of the southern taiga and subtaiga), where it is possible in terms of agro-climatic potential, which will significantly increase the productivity of these territories.

Agricultural landscape condition is greatly influenced by the agricultural land and forest plantations ratio. The state of field-protective forest plantations in the Krasnodar Territory is mostly unsatisfactory. Despite the specifying in depth analysis of the issue, the optimal ratio of the lands has not been standardized and varies greatly depending on the regional and local characteristics of the territory. The aim of the research is to study the agro-forest landscapes condition in LLC Agro-Alliance in the Krasnodar Territory, to determine the ratio of land areas in agricultural landscapes, to develop measures to improve environmental issues on agricultural lands and in protective forest plantations. The studies were carried out on the territory of the LLC Agro-Alliance holding in the Dinskoy district. It is characterized by a high degree of plowing with a protective forest cover of more than 5 %. The study of agro-forest landscapes of LLC Agroalliance was carried out through remote control using the Google Earth Pro application and field studies. When studying the agroforestry landscapes of the Krasnodar Territory with reference to Agro-Alliance LLC in the Dinskoy district, we observed deterioration in the characteristics of forest shelter belts, failure to comply with land management regulations. The paper is an attempt to improve the ratio of agricultural lands and to bring them in line with the recommended standards for a given region using an agricultural enterprise as an example. The design of forest belts in all areas is dense, while for this area of the Krasnodar Territory, a blown-through design is recommended. It is required to bring the forest strips in width to the recommended standards. Changes resulting from the agroforestry landscape area redistribution will lead to a slight decrease in protective forest cover within acceptable limits. Protective forest cover would be 6.4 %. To restore and preserve protective forest plantations, we recommend activities aimed at restoring the structures of forest belts, as well as carrying out sanitary felling together with other types of agrotechnical and reclamation works. The recommended measures will improve reclamation properties of the protective forest belts system.

In studies of biological productivity of forests and their response to climate change, it is necessary to know the patterns of dynamics of their not only quantitative, but also qualitative (qualimetric) characteristics of tree biomass. From the point of view of the problems of the tree biomass evaluated in the absolutely dry condition, the content of dry matter (CDM) in its fractions is of the greatest interest. The study of CDM was carried out on the basis of 2574 sample trees having the measured indicators of tree age, stem diameter and CDM in stem wood, stem bark, foliage and branches of 13 forest-forming species of Northern Eurasia. For the first time, allometric models of the mixed-effects were constructed, according to which the CDM decreases in the direction from the South to the North in all biomass fractions within species ranges. In the direction from the West to the East, the CDM of wood and bark decreases, and foliage and branches increases. The contributions of dendrometric and geographical independent variables, as well as tree species belonging, to the explanation of the variability of CDM in biomass fractions are 15, 13 and 72 %, respectively. For the first time, the ranking of woody species of Northern Eurasia by CDM in biomass fractions was performed, according to which the distribution of species by the CDM in each biomass fraction is quite specific. The proposed allometric models can be used in the assessment of aboveground biomass and carbon depositing capacity of forest-forming species of Eurasia.

Ensuring high resource rates for diesel engines is an important task in the operation of logging machines and equipment. As a result of the research, the influence of unsteady load conditions on the wear of the diesel engine of a forestry machine was established. The choice of a criterion for comparing the results of physical tests for the wear resistance of a diesel engine operating in unsteady modes was justified on the basis of energy indicators that determine the work of friction in individual engine components. The obtained analytical expressions make it possible to set such operating modes of the engine so that its wear is compared under conditions of the same energy costs both in steady and unsteady modes of its operation. The obtained criterion for comparing the wear rate of parts is objective and does not require significant costs, in comparison with other methods of physical testing.

Drying of wood refers to complex technological processes. Therefore, various approaches to the mechanism of water emission from wood during convective drying are possible. To date, there has not been any unambiguous understanding of the mechanism of moisture from such a wood species as larch. The paper proposes the main provisions of the mechanism of water removal during convective drying based on the baromembrane process. Any transfer process is based on the presence of two main components: a mobile substance, a force to move the substance. During the growth of the tree, an aqueous solution of extractive substances is formed. The basis of this group of substances in larch wood is arabinogalactan. Arabinogalactan macromolecules have a relatively low molecular weight. Arabinogalactan, when interacting with water, forms an ion of an energetically rational form, which determines abnormally low viscosity values of aqueous solutions. An increase in temperature puts the larch wood in a chemically active state. As a result, the formed vapor-gas mixture in the micro-cavity of the larch wood cell creates excessive pressure. The direct transfer of an aqueous solution of extractive substances is observed in those areas where a pressure gradient is observed this is primarily at the boundary of the media (surface layers of the board). During the initial drying period, there is an intense emission of an aqueous solution of extractive substances. At the same time, the higher the temperature of the wood, the higher the emission rate. Therefore, the higher the temperature during the initial drying period, the faster the transfer of membranes from the group of non-selective to selective is observed, thereby reducing the productivity of the membrane system. Thus, the drying time interval decreases, at which an increased rate of emission of solution and, accordingly, water is observed. Therefore, it is possible to control the rate of water emission from larch wood by the temperature level in the initial drying period.

To ensure sufficient longitudinal stability, uniform distribution of gravity over the supporting surface of the tracks and, therefore, creating a lower specific pressure on the ground, the loader's cargo travel is carried out with the boom in the vertical position, which causes significant loads when the machine is stopped with a load. The article presents the results of modeling the dynamics of loads on the working equipment and the body of the logger in the stop mode, taking into account the influence of operating factors. The accuracy of the results depends on the completeness of accounting for factors affecting the operation of the machine and, therefore, on the loading of the structural elements of the machine. However, the desire to fully cover the factors leads to the need to draw up a large number of equations, which complicates the mathematical apparatus and negatively affects the accuracy of the results. Therefore, when compiling equivalent dynamic systems, only the most important factors should be taken into account, which makes it possible to simplify mathematical models without sacrificing the accuracy of the data obtained.

The article deals with the determination of the rotation speed of the gas-liquid mixture at the vortex contact stage during rectification of ethanol obtained on the basis of the hydrolyzate of plant raw materials. Ethanol, obtained on the basis of hydrolyzate plant mass, can not be better suited for the organization of technology to produce fuels from renewable sources of raw materials. The use of alcohols in gasolines, in addition to purely technical problems associated with the preparation of compositions with corresponding octane numbers, can significantly improve the environmental performance of fuel by reducing the content of benzene and aromatic hydrocarbons, which leads to a decrease in the content of toxic substances in combustion products. It has been established that the addition of absolute ethyl alcohol to gasoline increases the antiknock properties of motor fuel, which makes it possible to apply higher compression ratios. In addition, more complete combustion of alcohol fuels is realized, which not only increases efficiency, but also weakens such harmful phenomena as liquefaction of liquids and formation of deposits, and thereby significantly extends the life of the motor. Alcohol fuels have, in comparison with gasoline, a wider range of flammability of the combustible mixture, thereby increasing the steady operation of the motor.

The object of the study – the wheat straw cane Triticum sh., stored up in Emelianovsk region of Krasnoyarsk of the edge. The chemical composition (the mass parts): cellulose (nitro-acid method Kiurshner–Hoffer) 46.8 %; lignin (sulfur-acid method Klasson–Komarov) 22.6 %; the extractive substances (ethanol-toluene azeotrop, Sukslet apparatus) 1,22 %. The wheat straw cane was deligtnificated by the reaction mixture «acetic acid – hydrogen peroxide – sulfuracidс catalyst – water» at the sulfur acid concentration 0,45 %, liquid module 6 and temperature 85 ºC . The cellulose was grinded up to 34…36 ºShR and mixed in different relationship with the grinded up to the same degree of the grind sulfate bleached soft-wood and hard-wood cellulose of industrial production on OAS “group ILIM” (g. Bratsk, RF). The influence of the of mixed compositions compound on the main mechanical properties paper casting was studied. There are conclusion was made that technical cellulose, got from the wheat straw stated by way, can be used instead of soft-wood sulfate cellulose for production of the paper product in composition with by sulfate hard-wood cellulose without deterioration of the paper product properties.