Physical parameters of selected srtructures of indigenous spruce forests of the European part of Russian taiga

Substantial meanings of “sustainability” and “sustainable forest management” used in different ways were discussed in the article.

The aim of studies is to estimate physical (numeric, volumetric) parameters of age structures of stands, dynamics of changes in volumes of natural regeneration, to evaluate volumes of fallen trees focusing on their decomposition stages, and on the degree of damage caused by fungi of biotrophic complex in the course of trees aging, and to assess condition of trees in forests possessing sustainability characteristics.

Research objects and methods. The analysis was made for forests which meet the criteria of sustainability, and which dynamics fazes are close to the climax forests communities’ ones – i. e for virgin spruce forests of different ages of the following areas: Kandalaksha forestry (Murmansk region), Severodvinsk forestry (Arkhangelsk region), National Park “Yugyd-Va” (Republic of Komi, sub-zone of Northern taiga), and Central Forest biosphere reserve (sub-zone of Southern taiga). Silvicultural assessments of biogeocenoses, complete enumeration and inventory of trees, drilling at a root collar to estimate trees age, identification of location, type and development stage of rots and description of trees condition were conducted on the fixed test sites.

Experiment and discussions. Silvicultural characteristics of biogeocenoses of climax, demutational and digressional dynamic fazes are shown in the table. The graphic chart specifies indices of trees stands age structures, dynamics of changes in the volume of natural regeneration in accordance with its heights scale from 0,5 m up to 3,0 m and the ratio of those indices coherence (r = 0,67 when mr = 0,06 and t = 11,1). The chart also shows parameters of fallen trees volumes focusing on their decomposition stages, parameters of the damage caused by wood-destroying fungi of biotrophic complex to trees of different age generations as well as on parameters of trees conditions.

Conclusion. Physical parameters of structures for stable spruce communities are close to the specified above characteristics and could serve as markers when analyzing spruce forests structures of other structural characteristics and when confirming that they meet the parameters of stable forest communities.

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