Study of the chemical composition of cones and seeds of coniferous species of Siberia
https://doi.org/10.53374/1993-0135-2023-1-95-100
Abstract
The article presents studies of the chemical composition of cones and seed kernels of the Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), the Siberian larch (Larix sibirica L.), and the Siberian spruce (Picea obovata Ldb.), which are the main forestforming coniferous species of Siberia.
The component composition of cones and seeds of the main forest-forming species of the region was studied for the first time. The total content of polysaccharides in the cones ranges from 61 to 75 %; the maximum amount of polysaccharides was found in the cones of the Scotch pine, and the minimum amount – in the cones of the Siberian larch. The content of mineral constituents in the cones of all species studied does not exceed 1.5 %. The maximum content of waxy substances is observed in the cones of the Siberian pine (1.5 %), the minimum content – in the cones of the Scots pine (0.2 %). The main component of the seeds is the lignin-carbohydrate complex. The highest content of mineral constituents was noted in the seeds of the Siberian spruce – it makes 2.30 %. The content of waxy substances in the seeds of all species studied varies insignificantly and amounts to approximately 1 %.
The component composition of essential oils made from the cones of coniferous species is given. The main components of the essential oils made from cones are α-Pinene, β-Pinene, limonene, Δ2-Carene, Linalyl Propionate, Bornyl acetate.
The content of polyphenolic compounds in the cones of the Siberian coniferous species was determined. The maximum amount of polyphenolic compounds and tannins (8.27 % and 5.5 % respectively) was found in the cones of the Scotch pine, the maximum amount of phenolcarboxylic acids – in the cones of the Siberian pine (2.5 %), the maximum amount of flavonoids – in the cones of the Siberian larch (1.34 %).
About the Authors
V. A. Ivanov
Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
31, Krasnoyarskii rabochii prospekt, Krasnoyarsk, 660037
E. V. Lis
Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
31, Krasnoyarskii rabochii prospekt, Krasnoyarsk, 660037
E. V. Fibikh
Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
31, Krasnoyarskii rabochii prospekt, Krasnoyarsk, 660037
Yu. S. Shimova
Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
31, Krasnoyarskii rabochii prospekt, Krasnoyarsk, 660037
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Review
For citations:
Ivanov V.A., Lis E.V., Fibikh E.V., Shimova Yu.S. Study of the chemical composition of cones and seeds of coniferous species of Siberia. Conifers of the boreal area. 2023;41(1):95-100. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.53374/1993-0135-2023-1-95-100
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