Plant waste as a source of raw materials for bio fuel

Abstract

Humanity has always faced the challenge of finding cheap energy sources that do not require excessive costs. Traditional forms of biofuels, such as firewood, plant residues, and dried manure, account for the majority (54– 60 %) and are used for home heating and cooking. Biofuels are classified by their physical state and the generation of their raw materials. Hydrolysis lignin, like any organic matter containing significant oxygen, is prone to fermentation regardless of storage conditions. Hydrolysis lignin is characterized by a large pore volume, approaching the porosity of charcoal, high reactivity compared to traditional carbonaceous reducing agents, and twice the solid carbon content compared to wood, reaching 30 %, which is almost half the carbon content of charcoal. The aim of the scientific research was the possibility of processing hydrolysis lignin to produce biofuel. Hydrolysis lignin (HL) samples were taken from an industrial sludge dump on the territory of the former Kansky BioChemFactory LLC. Sampling was carried out in dry weather in compliance with the necessary requirements. The studies allow us to conclude that technical hydrolysis lignin is a multicomponent compound, including technical lignin (60–70 %) and related substances: extractives (7–22 %), represented (organic part) by monosaccharides and their decomposition products, terpene hydrocarbons and their oxygen-containing derivatives, aromatic compounds, aliphatic hydrocarbons, highmolecular-weight acids; residual polysaccharides (2–8 %). A method for processing hydrolysis lignin from the dumps of the Kansky Biochemical Plant is proposed, which makes it possible to reduce the anthropogenic load on the atmospheric air and soil by eliminating the storage facility, while obtaining alternative biofuel.