Investigation of the resistance of cellulose acetate composites against mould fungi

The development of biodegradable composite fertilizers with prolonged action is a promising direction in agriculture. Such fertilizers provide a gradual release of nutrients, which contributes to uniform nutrition of plants, reduce fertilizer losses and minimize negative impact on the environment. Composites consist of a polymer matrix (biodegradable polymers, zeolites, hydrogels), active components (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, microelements) and modifiers (water-retaining additives, biodegradable fillers), which allows regulating the rate of release of nutrients. Plasticized cellulose acetate (AC), which decomposes under the influence of microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes, can be used as a polymer matrix. The study of AC biodegradation includes an analysis of the effect of soil moisture and the composition of the composites on the decomposition of the material. The inclusion of sodium polyacrylate (PAN) increases biodegradability due to its water-retaining properties, which facilitates accelerated penetration of microorganisms into the material. The work studies the fungal resistance of composites based on cellulose acetate, wood flour and PAN. Biostability was assessed based on the degree of mold damage to samples and weight loss after exposure to active soil. The data obtained confirm the influence of the composition of composites on their resistance to biological degradation. The results allow predicting the durability of composite fertilizers under real operating conditions and developing new effective compositions.

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