Justification of the elastic characteristics of the axle shafts parameters of caterpillar forestry tractor

Currently, special attention in the forestry industry is paid to the trend of creating complexes of technical systems that should ensure complete mechanization of all technological processes, increase the service life of machines and mechanisms, and reduce the costs of maintenance and repair. Improving the transmission of forestry, transport, and road-building machines is an important and urgent task. The reduction in the rigidity of the kinematic chains of thetransmission, including an increase in the elastic characteristics of the axle shafts, is explained by the need to reduce the intensity of oscillatory processes and improve the dynamic qualities of the power drive. Reducing the rigidity of axle shafts while maintaining the linearity of their elastic characteristics effectively reduces the amplitudes of dynamic vibrations under moderately loaded steady-state operating conditions, but can lead to significant overloads under unsteady transient conditions. The paper proposes one of the approaches to selecting the optimal nonlinear elastic characteristics of the axle shaft based on statistical dynamics, multicriteria optimization and the theory of mechanical vibrations. Experimental studies of the dynamic load of the transmission have shown that of the steady-state operating modes (traction, bulldozing, etc.), the highest average static and dynamic indicators are observed during soil bulldozing (Mma = 4200 Nm, bt = 600 Nm). An axle shaft with calculated elasticity indicators reduces the dynamic components acting in the kinematic chain of the engine – chassis by up to 50% and increases the fatigue life of transmission parts from 1.5 to 7 times. The proposed methodology can be applied at the design stage in order to reduce the dynamic load of the transmission.

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