Digital model of the process of vegetation digression under the influence of anthropogenic impact

The ongoing Fourth Industrial Revolution and the Industry 4.0 being created at the same time involve the massive introduction of cyber-physical systems (CPS) in the production and service of human needs, including life, work, security and leisure. Among the areas for which cyber-physical systems are being created, not the last place is occupied by human interaction with the environment, which should move to a new level, ensuring the harmonization of human needs and the preservation of the natural environment. At the same time, the creation of cyber-physical systems for a wide class of natural processes, called dynamic processes on the Earth's surface, is of particular interest. Examples of such processes are wild fires, floods, oil spills on the surface of the Earth and water, and a number of others. These processes have a different physical nature (geological, biological, meteorological, hydrological, anthropogenic), but, in the general case, such a process can be called any phenomenon of a natural or anthropogenic nature, which can be represented as a moving area, contour or traveling wave propagating over the surface of the earth. These processes are united by a number of features, due to which their dynamics and control can be described using a single mathematical apparatus, which makes it possible to create digital models of these objects, which are an indispensable part of all cyber-physical systems. In this paper, another type of dynamic processes on the Earth's surface is considered – the processes of vegetation digression, that is, changes in natural plant complexes under the influence of their intensive use by humans. The requirements for digital models of the digression process and the problems arising from this are formulated. A mathematical model of pasture digression, which is characteristic of both reindeer herding and cattle breeding in the southern desert regions, has been proposed and studied. A method for constructing a digital model of this process is described. A GIS-based system has been implemented for digital modeling of pasture digression processes, which can serve as the basis for the corresponding cyber-physical system.

1. Dorrer G.A., Yarovoy S.V., Kazakovtseva O.В. Mul'tiagentnaya sistema modelirovaniya dinamicheskikh protsessov na poverkhnosti Zemli // Sistemy upravleniya i informatsionnyye tekhnologii, 2018, No 2 (72). S. 42-47.

2. Dorrer G.A., Yarovoy S.V. Modelirovaniye dinamicheskikh protsessov na poverkhnosti Zemli // ITNOU: Informatsionnyye tekhnologii V nauke, obrazovanii i upravlenii, 2018. No 4 (8). S. 53-57.

3. Georgy Dorrer, Alexandra Dorrer, Sergey Yaro- voy. Modeling of dynamic process on the Earth's surface // IOP Conference Series: MIP: Engineering, 2019. Vol. 537.

4. Dorrer G.A. Dinamika lesnykh pozharov // Izd-vo SO RAN, Novosibirsk, 2008. 404 s.

5. Хвойные бореальной зоны. XL, No 6, 2022

6. Nikonov V. V. i dr. Tekhnogennaya digressiya i vosstanovitel'naya suktsessiya v khvoynykh lesakh Kol'skogo poluostrova / V. V Nikonov, S. N. Ganicheva, N. V. Lukina, V. A. Kostina // Lesovedeniye. 2004, No 3. S. 57-67 6. Seledets V.P. Antropogennaya dinamika travyanogo pokrova dubnyakov lesoparka Vladivostoka / V.P. Seledets // Aktual'nyye voprosy okhrany prirody na Dal'nem Vostoke. Vladivostok Izd-vo DVNTS AN SSSR, 1978. S. 38-43

7. Kirsta Yu.B. Modelirovaniye pustynnykh ekosis- tem. Ashkhabad : Ylym, 1986. 143 s.

8. Rogozin, M. Yu. Opustynivaniye zemel' / M. Yu. Rogozin, Ye. S. Kartamysheva // Molodoy uchenyy. 2017. No 51 (185). S. 128-131.

9. Desertification and Land Degradation. Atlas of In- dia (Based on IRS AWiFS data of 2011-13 and 2003-05) // Space Applications Centre Indian Space Research Or- ganisation Department of Space, Government of India Ahmedabad - 380015, India. June 2016. P. 252.

10. Romanovskiy Yu.M. i dr. Matematicheskaya bio- fizika. M.: Nauka, 1984. 304 s. 11. Bermont A.F. Otobrazheniya. Krivolineynyye koordinaty. Preobrazovaniya. Formula Grina. М.: Fiz- matgiz, 1958. 306 s.

11. Godunov S. K., Prokopov G. P. Ob ispol'zovanii podvizhnykh setok v gazo-dinamicheskikh raschetakh // Zhurn. vychislit. matem. i matemat. fiziki. 1972. Т. 12. No 2. S. 429-439.